Horseware Consumer Brochure Spring Summer 2009 ENG Page 4
We can't have it all can we! As the weather begins to get warmer and we want to get out and play with our horses, so do all the parasites!
One very common occurrence is Culicoides, known as midges to you and me, which affect thousands of horses, ponies and donkeys across the world causing an allergic reaction to the insect bite. Known as Sweet Itch, or Summer Seasonal Recurrent Dermatitis (SSRD), it is a problem that affects virtually all breeds. In South Australia reports say that as many as 60% of horses and ponies are affected and about 5% of the UK horse population are thought to suffer. Although known by different names (e.g. Sommer Ekzem in Germany, Kasen in Japan, Queensland Itch in Australia), the symptoms are the same. Symptoms include severe itching, hair loss, skin thickening, flaky dandruff and weeping sores in extreme cases. The top of the tail and the mane are most commonly affected, however, in more severe cases the neck, withers, hips, ears, forehead, mid-line of the belly, the saddle area, the sides of the head, the sheath or udder and the legs may also suffer. Culicoides breed from as early as late March until the end of October, depending on geographical location. The Bot fly is also common and severe infestations of horse Bots will cause gastrointestinal stress, block the stomach outlet (causing colic) or rupture the stomach (causing death). Gum and tongue inflammation and abscesses may result from infestations in the mouth.
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About the size of house flies, Bots have a large head and quite a bit of yellow coloring. The common Bot deposits eggs on the hairs of the chest, legs, belly and flank of horses. The eggs hatch immediately when the horse licks them, and the larvae bore into the tongue and gums. They migrate from the
Symptoms include severe itching, hair loss, skin thickening, flaky dandruff and weeping sores in extreme cases.
oral tissues to the stomach, where they attach to the lining to complete the larval growth stage. When that stage is complete, they detach and are passed out with the manure, where they pupate, and in time, emerge as adults. The life cycles of the other two species are similar. The Throat Bot deposits eggs on hairs below the jaw. These eggs hatch without stimulation and migrate to the gum area of the cheek teeth before migrating to the stomach, pylorus or duodenum. Nose Bot flies deposit eggs on the hairs of the horse's lips. The larva of this species penetrates the lip membranes in front of the incisor before they migrate to the stomach wall. In the UK the other problems we have are mainly down to large biting flies such as the horsefly. A very painful bite is inflicted using their mandibles which they use to rip or tear flesh apart, often taking a chunk out of the skin in order to feed on blood. They are also carriers of the Equine Infectious Anaemia Virus.
Horseware Consumer Brochure - Spring Summer 2009 ENG - Page: 1 : 2009 Calendar oF The Top european and uSa evenTS
Horseware Consumer Brochure - Spring Summer 2009 ENG - Page: 1 - content: 2009 Calendar oF The Top european and uSa evenTS
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